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Abby's Magazine - September / October 2014 | Page 17 Sea Cucumber extract contains sulfated triterpene glycosides that exhibited cytotoxites against multiple tumor cell lines In vitro studies show sea cucumber extract contains the triterpene glycosides, Phillnopside A, C, C, E and F. In vitro test shows sea cucumber inhibits various cancer cells lines: CAKI (renal carcinoma), HOS (osteosarcoma), KB-VIN (nasopharyngeal), KB (mouth epidermal carcinoma), U87-MG (glioblastoma), HCT- 8 (colon carcinoma), IA9 (ovarian), A549 (lung), and PC3 (prostate). • Marine Drugs. 2004; 2: 185-191. • Natural Product Research. 2006; 20(4): 399- 407. • Helvetica Chimica Acta. 2006; 89: 54-63. Sea cucumber extract possesses anti-angiogenic, anti-tumor and RTK inhibitor effects Sea cucumber inhibits four types of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs): Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR). Sea cucumber also inhibits associated VEGFR down signaling: FAK, Paxillin, Akt, ERK. Sea cucumber inhibited angiogenesis in vitro by 80.1%. It also reduced tumor vascularity and induced apoptosis. • International Journal of Cancer. 2005; 114: 843-853. • Cancer Biology & Therapy. 2005; 4(8): 874- 882. • Townsend Letter. 2006 Aug/Sep: 91-95. • International Journal of Oncology. Mar 2008: 2(1): 7-15. Sea cucumber inhibits topoisomerase 2 alpha Sea cucumber extract contains the saponin Echinoside A which inhibited the growth of tumors in mouse models and human prostate carcinoma. It also shows the unique characteristics of inhibiting the noncovalent binding of Top2alpha to DNA. • Annals of Oncology. 2010 Mar; 21(3): 597- 607.