ISTA Views

OCTOBER | 2015

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24 ista views • October 2015 • www.ista.org When looking at opportunities to improve long term compression performance, accelerated life testing, utilizing cyclic humidity, is a better tool than standard "new box" BCT testing for evaluating variables. The cost and environmental opportunity for the corrugated industry and end-users to adopt, extend, and commercialize concepts provided by the research community is big – very big. Areas for Additional Investigation The following list of topics provides a "start" for researching practical factors which may lead to improved specifications, procurement practices, and/or corrugated manufacturing processes, which could result in improved long term compression performance of corrugated fiberboard. HP is currently validating a cyclic humidity testing apparatus and process by repeating existing work on flute crush and coated outer liners, with plans to then evaluate some or all of the following lines of inquiry, for factors which are readily controlled by corrugated container manufacturers (via paper procurement and manufacturing processes) and end users (via box, packaging process, and unitization specifications). • Effect of flute type on box life. • Comparison of Singlewall Versus Doublewall (with equivalent paper content) on box life. • Effect of Box Style on box life. • Effect of score type and depth, including offset horizontal scores, on box life. • Effect of recycled fiber on box life. • Effect of alternate sources of fiber on box life. • Effect of cycling temperature on coated box life, when substantial moisture is trapped inside the box and its component papers. • Effect of reduced paper/corrugated board/corrugated container variability (flute crush, BCT, squareness, etc.) on population box life distribution. References Burgess, G; Singh, SP; Srinangyam, M. 2005. Predicting Collapse Times for Corrugated Boxes Under Constant Top Load Using Short-Term Creep Tests. ASTM Volume 33, Issue 4. Chalmers, I. 2008. MD Shear Stiffness in the Corrugated Board Industry, page 20. KoruTest. Use by Permission. Updated chart provided by Chalmers. Chalmers, I. 2010. Korutest Summaries, p7. Korutest Ltd. Used by permission. Chalmers, I. 2011. The Bending Response of Corrugated Fibreboard to a Cycling Relative Humidity Environment, page 125. Proceedings, Sixth International Symposium: Moisture and Creep Effects on Paper, Board and Containers. Used by permission. Fibre Box Association. 2005. Fibre Box Handbook Kellicut, KQ, and Landt, EF. 1951. Basic Design Data for Use of Fiberboard in Shipping Containers. Fibre Containers 36(12): 62-80. Koning, JW Jr, Stern, RK. 1977. Long-term Creep in Corrugated Fiberboard Containers. TAPPI 69(1): 74-76. Leake, CH; Wojcik R. 1993. Humidity Cycling Rats: How They Influence Container Life Spans. TAPPI Journal 76(10): 26-30. Leinberger, D. 2006. Ocean Container Temperature and Humidity Study, p10. Dimensions 2006. Corrected version provided by Leinberger. Graphic Used by Permission. Niskanen, K. (editor). Mechanics of Paper Properties, 2011 Padany, ZV. 1991. Mechano-Sorptive Effects and Accelerated Creep in Paper. International Paper Physics Conference, pp 398-411. Smithers-PIRA. 2014. Demand for Corrugated Packaging Material to reach $176 billion by 2019. http://www.smitherspira.com/news/2014/march/corrugated-board-industry-forecasts Popil, RE; Hojjatie, B. 2010. Effects of Component Properties and Orientation on Corrugated Container Endurance. Packaging Technology and Science, Vol 23, Issue 4, pp 189-202. Urbanik, TJ; Frank, B. 2005. Box Compression Analysis of World-Wide Data Spanning 46 years. Long Term Corrugated Container Compression Performance > CONTINUED FROM PAGE 23

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